🎯 Practice Session
Pricing
Learn about pricing strategies, factors affecting pricing decisions, the role of price in the marketing mix, and how companies determine appropriate prices for their products and services
Intermediate
Unit 19
Vocabulary Only
1 / 49
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Vocabulary
finance manager
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giám đốc tài chính
Example: Finance managers ensure pricing supports profitability goals.
Example: Finance managers ensure pricing supports profitability goals.
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Vocabulary
market-positioning
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định vị thị trường
Example: Price should be part of the market-positioning strategy.
Example: Price should be part of the market-positioning strategy.
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Vocabulary
sales manager
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giám đốc bán hàng
Example: Sales managers provide input on pricing decisions.
Example: Sales managers provide input on pricing decisions.
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Vocabulary
seller
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người bán
Example: Sellers must consider market conditions when setting prices.
Example: Sellers must consider market conditions when setting prices.
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Vocabulary
pricing objective
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mục tiêu định giá
Example: Top management sets the general pricing objectives.
Example: Top management sets the general pricing objectives.
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Vocabulary
pricing policy
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chính sách giá
Example: Clear pricing policies help guide decision-making.
Example: Clear pricing policies help guide decision-making.
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Vocabulary
psychological pricing
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định giá tâm lý
Example: Psychological pricing uses prices like $9.99 instead of $10.
Example: Psychological pricing uses prices like $9.99 instead of $10.
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Vocabulary
price
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giá cả; định giá
Example: Price is one of the most important elements determining company profitability.
Example: Price is one of the most important elements determining company profitability.
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Vocabulary
discount
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chiết khấu, giảm giá
Example: Companies offer discounts to stimulate demand.
Example: Companies offer discounts to stimulate demand.
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Vocabulary
penetration pricing
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định giá thâm nhập
Example: Penetration pricing sets low initial prices to gain market share.
Example: Penetration pricing sets low initial prices to gain market share.
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Vocabulary
appropriate
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thích hợp, phù hợp
Example: Companies must find the appropriate price point.
Example: Companies must find the appropriate price point.
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Vocabulary
segment
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phân khúc, đoạn
Example: Prices should vary for different market segments.
Example: Prices should vary for different market segments.
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Vocabulary
marketing mix
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hỗn hợp marketing
Example: Price must be coordinated with other elements of the marketing mix.
Example: Price must be coordinated with other elements of the marketing mix.
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Vocabulary
competitor
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đối thủ cạnh tranh
Example: Companies must monitor competitor pricing strategies.
Example: Companies must monitor competitor pricing strategies.
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Vocabulary
retail
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bán lẻ
Example: Retail prices include markup for the store's profit.
Example: Retail prices include markup for the store's profit.
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Vocabulary
markup
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tỷ lệ lợi nhuận cộng thêm
Example: Retailers add a markup to wholesale prices.
Example: Retailers add a markup to wholesale prices.
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Vocabulary
pricing department
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bộ phận định giá
Example: Large companies often establish a pricing department.
Example: Large companies often establish a pricing department.
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Vocabulary
approve
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phê duyệt, chấp thuận
Example: Top management must approve major pricing decisions.
Example: Top management must approve major pricing decisions.
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Vocabulary
skimming
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định giá hớt váng
Example: Price skimming charges high prices initially to maximize profits.
Example: Price skimming charges high prices initially to maximize profits.
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Vocabulary
pricing
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việc định giá, chiến lược giá
Example: Pricing decisions require careful consideration of costs and market conditions.
Example: Pricing decisions require careful consideration of costs and market conditions.
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Vocabulary
revise
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sửa đổi, xem xét lại
Example: Prices need to be revised regularly based on market conditions.
Example: Prices need to be revised regularly based on market conditions.
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Vocabulary
elasticity
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tính co giãn
Example: Price elasticity measures how demand changes with price.
Example: Price elasticity measures how demand changes with price.
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Vocabulary
wholesale
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bán sỉ
Example: Wholesale prices are lower than retail prices.
Example: Wholesale prices are lower than retail prices.
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Vocabulary
intrinsic
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nội tại, vốn có
Example: Price should be an intrinsic element of marketing strategy.
Example: Price should be an intrinsic element of marketing strategy.
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Vocabulary
profitability
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khả năng sinh lời
Example: Proper pricing strategies enhance company profitability.
Example: Proper pricing strategies enhance company profitability.
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Vocabulary
cost-oriented
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hướng về chi phí
Example: Many companies make the mistake of being too cost-oriented in pricing.
Example: Many companies make the mistake of being too cost-oriented in pricing.
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Vocabulary
determinant
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yếu tố quyết định
Example: Price is a major determinant of consumer purchasing behavior.
Example: Price is a major determinant of consumer purchasing behavior.
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Vocabulary
accountant
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kế toán
Example: Accountants provide cost data for pricing decisions.
Example: Accountants provide cost data for pricing decisions.
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Vocabulary
negotiate
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đàm phán, thương lượng
Example: The two parties negotiated the price for several hours.
Example: The two parties negotiated the price for several hours.
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Vocabulary
revenue
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doanh thu
Example: Price is the only marketing element that produces revenue.
Example: Price is the only marketing element that produces revenue.
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Vocabulary
buyer
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người mua, khách hàng
Example: Price is a major determinant of buyer choice.
Example: Price is a major determinant of buyer choice.
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Vocabulary
competitive
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cạnh tranh
Example: Competitive pricing helps attract price-sensitive customers.
Example: Competitive pricing helps attract price-sensitive customers.
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Vocabulary
premium
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phụ phí, giá cao; cao cấp
Example: Premium products command higher prices.
Example: Premium products command higher prices.
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Vocabulary
choice
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sự lựa chọn
Example: Consumers base their buying choices on multiple factors including price.
Example: Consumers base their buying choices on multiple factors including price.
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Vocabulary
fixed price
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giá cố định
Example: The store offers fixed prices with no bargaining allowed.
Example: The store offers fixed prices with no bargaining allowed.
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Vocabulary
capitalize on
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tận dụng, biến thành lợi thế
Example: Companies should capitalize on market changes by adjusting prices.
Example: Companies should capitalize on market changes by adjusting prices.
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Vocabulary
strategy
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chiến lược
Example: Companies need sound pricing strategies to compete effectively.
Example: Companies need sound pricing strategies to compete effectively.
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Vocabulary
propose
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đề xuất, đề nghị
Example: Lower management proposes prices for review.
Example: Lower management proposes prices for review.
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Vocabulary
value
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giá trị
Example: Customers evaluate price relative to perceived value.
Example: Customers evaluate price relative to perceived value.
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Vocabulary
exert influence
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gây ảnh hưởng
Example: Many managers exert influence on pricing decisions.
Example: Many managers exert influence on pricing decisions.
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Vocabulary
product line
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dòng sản phẩm
Example: Product line managers set prices for related products.
Example: Product line managers set prices for related products.
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Vocabulary
bargaining
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sự mặc cả, thương lượng
Example: Through bargaining, buyers and sellers arrive at an acceptable price.
Example: Through bargaining, buyers and sellers arrive at an acceptable price.
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Vocabulary
production manager
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giám đốc sản xuất
Example: Production managers help determine cost-based prices.
Example: Production managers help determine cost-based prices.
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Vocabulary
market share
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thị phần
Example: Companies use pricing to gain or maintain market share.
Example: Companies use pricing to gain or maintain market share.
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Vocabulary
determine
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xác định, quyết định
Example: Multiple factors determine the appropriate price.
Example: Multiple factors determine the appropriate price.
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Vocabulary
divisional manager
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giám đốc bộ phận
Example: Divisional managers handle pricing for their units.
Example: Divisional managers handle pricing for their units.
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Vocabulary
aerospace
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hàng không vũ trụ
Example: In aerospace industry, pricing is a key competitive factor.
Example: In aerospace industry, pricing is a key competitive factor.
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Vocabulary
railroad
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đường sắt
Example: Railroad companies must carefully manage their pricing.
Example: Railroad companies must carefully manage their pricing.
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Vocabulary
top management
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ban lãnh đạo cấp cao
Example: Top management sets overall pricing direction.
Example: Top management sets overall pricing direction.
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