Pricing
Learn about pricing strategies, factors affecting pricing decisions, the role of price in the marketing mix, and how companies determine appropriate prices for their products and services
49
Words
3
Grammar
52
Cards
📚 Vocabulary 49
View all →price
/praɪs/
Noun/verb
Meaning: giá cả; định giá
"Price is one of the most important elements determining company profitability."
pricing
/ˈpraɪsɪŋ/
Noun
Meaning: việc định giá, chiến lược giá
"Pricing decisions require careful consideration of costs and market conditions."
bargaining
/ˈbɑːrɡənɪŋ/
Noun
Meaning: sự mặc cả, thương lượng
"Through bargaining, buyers and sellers arrive at an acceptable price."
negotiate
/nɪˈɡoʊʃieɪt/
Verb
Meaning: đàm phán, thương lượng
"The two parties negotiated the price for several hours."
fixed price
/fɪkst praɪs/
Noun
Meaning: giá cố định
"The store offers fixed prices with no bargaining allowed."
buyer
/ˈbaɪər/
Noun
Meaning: người mua, khách hàng
"Price is a major determinant of buyer choice."
seller
/ˈselər/
Noun
Meaning: người bán
"Sellers must consider market conditions when setting prices."
determinant
/dɪˈtɜːrmɪnənt/
Noun
Meaning: yếu tố quyết định
"Price is a major determinant of consumer purchasing behavior."
choice
/tʃɔɪs/
Noun
Meaning: sự lựa chọn
"Consumers base their buying choices on multiple factors including price."
profitability
/ˌprɒfɪtəˈbɪləti/
Noun
Meaning: khả năng sinh lời
"Proper pricing strategies enhance company profitability."
market share
/ˈmɑːrkɪt ʃeər/
Noun
Meaning: thị phần
"Companies use pricing to gain or maintain market share."
revenue
/ˈrevənjuː/
Noun
Meaning: doanh thu
"Price is the only marketing element that produces revenue."
cost-oriented
/kɒst ˈɔːrientɪd/
Adjective
Meaning: hướng về chi phí
"Many companies make the mistake of being too cost-oriented in pricing."
market-positioning
/ˈmɑːrkɪt pəˈzɪʃənɪŋ/
Noun
Meaning: định vị thị trường
"Price should be part of the market-positioning strategy."
marketing mix
/ˈmɑːrkɪtɪŋ mɪks/
Noun
Meaning: hỗn hợp marketing
"Price must be coordinated with other elements of the marketing mix."
strategy
/ˈstrætədʒi/
Noun
Meaning: chiến lược
"Companies need sound pricing strategies to compete effectively."
capitalize on
/ˈkæpɪtəlaɪz ɒn/
Phrasal verb
Meaning: tận dụng, biến thành lợi thế
"Companies should capitalize on market changes by adjusting prices."
segment
/ˈseɡmənt/
Noun
Meaning: phân khúc, đoạn
"Prices should vary for different market segments."
revise
/rɪˈvaɪz/
Verb
Meaning: sửa đổi, xem xét lại
"Prices need to be revised regularly based on market conditions."
intrinsic
/ɪnˈtrɪnsɪk/
Adjective
Meaning: nội tại, vốn có
"Price should be an intrinsic element of marketing strategy."
pricing objective
/ˈpraɪsɪŋ əbˈdʒektɪv/
Noun
Meaning: mục tiêu định giá
"Top management sets the general pricing objectives."
pricing policy
/ˈpraɪsɪŋ ˈpɒləsi/
Noun
Meaning: chính sách giá
"Clear pricing policies help guide decision-making."
approve
/əˈpruːv/
Verb
Meaning: phê duyệt, chấp thuận
"Top management must approve major pricing decisions."
propose
/prəˈpoʊz/
Verb
Meaning: đề xuất, đề nghị
"Lower management proposes prices for review."
pricing department
/ˈpraɪsɪŋ dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/
Noun
Meaning: bộ phận định giá
"Large companies often establish a pricing department."
determine
/dɪˈtɜːrmɪn/
Verb
Meaning: xác định, quyết định
"Multiple factors determine the appropriate price."
appropriate
/əˈproʊpriət/
Adjective
Meaning: thích hợp, phù hợp
"Companies must find the appropriate price point."
exert influence
/ɪɡˈzɜːrt ˈɪnfluəns/
Verb phrase
Meaning: gây ảnh hưởng
"Many managers exert influence on pricing decisions."
sales manager
/seɪlz ˈmænɪdʒər/
Noun
Meaning: giám đốc bán hàng
"Sales managers provide input on pricing decisions."
production manager
/prəˈdʌkʃn ˈmænɪdʒər/
Noun
Meaning: giám đốc sản xuất
"Production managers help determine cost-based prices."
finance manager
/ˈfaɪnæns ˈmænɪdʒər/
Noun
Meaning: giám đốc tài chính
"Finance managers ensure pricing supports profitability goals."
accountant
/əˈkaʊntənt/
Noun
Meaning: kế toán
"Accountants provide cost data for pricing decisions."
aerospace
/ˈeroʊspeɪs/
Noun
Meaning: hàng không vũ trụ
"In aerospace industry, pricing is a key competitive factor."
railroad
/ˈreɪlroʊd/
Noun
Meaning: đường sắt
"Railroad companies must carefully manage their pricing."
top management
/tɒp ˈmænɪdʒmənt/
Noun
Meaning: ban lãnh đạo cấp cao
"Top management sets overall pricing direction."
divisional manager
/dɪˈvɪʒənl ˈmænɪdʒər/
Noun
Meaning: giám đốc bộ phận
"Divisional managers handle pricing for their units."
product line
/ˈprɒdʌkt laɪn/
Noun
Meaning: dòng sản phẩm
"Product line managers set prices for related products."
discount
/ˈdɪskaʊnt/
Noun/verb
Meaning: chiết khấu, giảm giá
"Companies offer discounts to stimulate demand."
premium
/ˈpriːmiəm/
Noun/adjective
Meaning: phụ phí, giá cao; cao cấp
"Premium products command higher prices."
competitive
/kəmˈpetətɪv/
Adjective
Meaning: cạnh tranh
"Competitive pricing helps attract price-sensitive customers."
penetration pricing
/ˌpenəˈtreɪʃn ˈpraɪsɪŋ/
Noun
Meaning: định giá thâm nhập
"Penetration pricing sets low initial prices to gain market share."
skimming
/ˈskɪmɪŋ/
Noun
Meaning: định giá hớt váng
"Price skimming charges high prices initially to maximize profits."
elasticity
/ˌiːlæˈstɪsəti/
Noun
Meaning: tính co giãn
"Price elasticity measures how demand changes with price."
psychological pricing
/ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkl ˈpraɪsɪŋ/
Noun
Meaning: định giá tâm lý
"Psychological pricing uses prices like $9.99 instead of $10."
markup
/ˈmɑːrkʌp/
Noun
Meaning: tỷ lệ lợi nhuận cộng thêm
"Retailers add a markup to wholesale prices."
wholesale
/ˈhoʊlseɪl/
Noun/adjective
Meaning: bán sỉ
"Wholesale prices are lower than retail prices."
retail
/ˈriːteɪl/
Noun/adjective
Meaning: bán lẻ
"Retail prices include markup for the store's profit."
competitor
/kəmˈpetɪtər/
Noun
Meaning: đối thủ cạnh tranh
"Companies must monitor competitor pricing strategies."
value
/ˈvæljuː/
Noun
Meaning: giá trị
"Customers evaluate price relative to perceived value."
📖 Grammar 3
View all →Present Simple for General Truths
Subject + verb (base form/s/es)
Used to express facts, general truths, and permanent situations about pricing and business
Comparative Forms
more/less + adjective + than
Comparing different pricing methods, strategies, or market conditions
Modal Verbs for Recommendations
should/must/need to + infinitive
Using modals to express necessity, advice, or recommendations about pricing