Sources of Finance
Learn about different ways companies raise capital, including equity financing and debt financing, and understand the advantages and disadvantages of each method
46
Words
3
Grammar
49
Cards
📚 Vocabulary 46
View all →gearing
/ˈgɪərɪŋ/
Noun
Meaning: tỷ lệ giữa vốn chủ sở hữu và nợ dài hạn; tỷ số vốn vay
"High gearing means the company relies heavily on borrowed funds."
survival
/sərˈvaɪvl/
Noun
Meaning: sự tồn tại, sự sống sót
"The company's long-term survival depends on sound financial decisions."
prosperity
/prɑːˈsperəti/
Noun
Meaning: sự thịnh vượng, sự phồn vinh
"Economic prosperity creates favorable conditions for business growth."
exposed
/ɪkˈspoʊzd/
Adjective
Meaning: bị phơi bày, có rủi ro; dễ bị tổn thương
"Owners' capital is the most exposed form of financing."
extreme
/ɪkˈstriːm/
Adjective
Meaning: cực đoan, nghiêm trọng
"In extreme cases like bankruptcy, equity holders are paid last."
bankruptcy
/ˈbæŋkrəptsi/
Noun
Meaning: tình trạng phá sản
"The company filed for bankruptcy after failing to repay its debts."
claim
/kleɪm/
Noun
Meaning: quyền yêu cầu, quyền đòi hỏi
"Shareholders have a claim on the company's net profits."
venture capital
/ˈventʃər ˈkæpɪtl/
Noun
Meaning: vốn đầu tư mạo hiểm cho các công ty khởi nghiệp
"The startup secured venture capital to fund its expansion."
venture firm
/ˈventʃər fɜːrm/
Noun
Meaning: công ty đầu tư mạo hiểm
"Venture firms typically invest in high-growth technology companies."
high-growth
/haɪ ɡroʊθ/
Adjective
Meaning: tăng trưởng cao, phát triển nhanh
"High-growth companies attract venture capital investors."
interfere
/ˌɪntərˈfɪr/
Verb
Meaning: can thiệp, xen vào
"Venture capital firms usually don't interfere in daily operations."
unlisted securities
/ʌnˈlɪstɪd sɪˈkjʊərətiz/
Noun
Meaning: chứng khoán chưa niêm yết
"Small companies can raise funds through unlisted securities markets."
listing
/ˈlɪstɪŋ/
Noun
Meaning: sự niêm yết trên sàn chứng khoán
"The company gained a listing on the Stock Exchange last year."
stock exchange
/stɑːk ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/
Noun
Meaning: sở giao dịch chứng khoán
"Large companies trade their shares on the stock exchange."
issue
/ˈɪʃuː/
Verb
Meaning: phát hành, ban hành
"The company will issue new shares to raise additional capital."
fresh shares
/freʃ ʃeərz/
Noun
Meaning: cổ phiếu mới
"Issuing fresh shares dilutes existing shareholders' ownership."
public hands
/ˈpʌblɪk hændz/
Noun
Meaning: tay công chúng, sở hữu công chúng
"At least 25% of equity must be in public hands for listing."
original owner
/əˈrɪdʒənl ˈoʊnər/
Noun
Meaning: chủ sở hữu ban đầu
"Original owners may lose control when going public."
long-term loan
/lɔːŋ tɜːrm loʊn/
Noun
Meaning: khoản vay dài hạn
"The company obtained a long-term loan to finance new equipment."
clearing bank
/ˈklɪrɪŋ bæŋk/
Noun
Meaning: ngân hàng thanh toán bù trừ
"Clearing banks provide various financial services to businesses."
merchant bank
/ˈmɜːrtʃənt bæŋk/
Noun
Meaning: ngân hàng thương mại
"Merchant banks specialize in corporate finance and advisory services."
pension fund
/ˈpenʃn fʌnd/
Noun
Meaning: quỹ hưu trí
"Pension funds invest in long-term securities and corporate bonds."
secure
/sɪˈkjʊr/
Verb
Meaning: đảm bảo, thế chấp; bảo đảm
"Banks usually secure their loans over the company's fixed assets."
bank base rate
/bæŋk beɪs reɪt/
Noun
Meaning: lãi suất cơ bản của ngân hàng
"Interest rates are usually linked to the bank base rate."
trade credit
/treɪd ˈkredɪt/
Noun
Meaning: tín dụng thương mại; thanh toán chậm cho nhà cung cấp
"Trade credit allows companies to pay suppliers at a later date."
reinvested earnings
/ˌriːɪnˈvestɪd ˈɜːrnɪŋz/
Noun
Meaning: thu nhập tái đầu tư; lợi nhuận giữ lại
"The company used reinvested earnings to fund expansion projects."
sale of assets
/seɪl əv ˈæsets/
Noun
Meaning: bán tài sản
"The sale of assets provided immediate cash for the business."
overdraft
/ˈoʊvərdræft/
Noun
Meaning: thấu chi ngân hàng; số dư âm tạm thời
"The company has a bank overdraft facility for short-term needs."
debt financing
/det ˈfaɪnænsɪŋ/
Noun
Meaning: tài trợ bằng nợ
"Debt financing requires regular interest payments regardless of profits."
equity financing
/ˈekwəti ˈfaɪnænsɪŋ/
Noun
Meaning: tài trợ bằng vốn chủ sở hữu
"Equity financing comes from owners and shareholders."
outside creditor
/ˌaʊtˈsaɪd ˈkredɪtər/
Noun
Meaning: chủ nợ bên ngoài
"Money raised through debt must be paid back to outside creditors."
proportion
/prəˈpɔːrʃn/
Noun
Meaning: tỷ lệ, phần
"A higher proportion of debt increases financial risk."
net profit
/net ˈprɑːfɪt/
Noun
Meaning: lợi nhuận ròng
"In successful times, owners have a claim on all net profits."
sound
/saʊnd/
Adjective
Meaning: lành mạnh, vững chắc, hợp lý
"Sound financial management requires careful capital planning."
satisfy
/ˈsætɪsfaɪ/
Verb
Meaning: thỏa mãn, đáp ứng
"All creditors must be satisfied before owners receive returns."
demand
/dɪˈmænd/
Verb
Meaning: đòi hỏi, yêu cầu
"Investors demand higher returns for taking greater risks."
rate of return
/reɪt əv rɪˈtɜːrn/
Noun
Meaning: tỷ suất lợi nhuận, tỷ lệ hoàn vốn
"Venture capitalists expect a high rate of return on investments."
capitalize on
/ˈkæpɪtəlaɪz ɑːn/
Phrasal verb
Meaning: tận dụng, biến thành lợi thế
"Companies should capitalize on market opportunities quickly."
raise capital
/reɪz ˈkæpɪtl/
Verb phrase
Meaning: huy động vốn
"There are several ways to raise capital for business expansion."
losing control
/ˈluːzɪŋ kənˈtroʊl/
Verb phrase
Meaning: mất quyền kiểm soát
"Going public risks losing control to outside investors."
advantage
/ədˈvæntɪdʒ/
Noun
Meaning: lợi thế, ưu điểm
"The main advantage of equity is no fixed interest payments."
disadvantage
/ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒ/
Noun
Meaning: bất lợi, nhược điểm
"A disadvantage of debt is the obligation to pay interest."
dilute
/daɪˈluːt/
Verb
Meaning: pha loãng, làm giảm
"Issuing new shares dilutes the ownership of existing shareholders."
dramatically
/drəˈmætɪkli/
Adverb
Meaning: đột ngột, mạnh mẽ; một cách kịch tính
"Earnings drop dramatically when interest payments consume profits."
soak up
/soʊk ʌp/
Phrasal verb
Meaning: hấp thụ, chiếm dụng
"Interest payments soak up most of the company's profits in hard times."
distribution channel
/ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃn ˈtʃænl/
Noun
Meaning: kênh phân phối
"Companies must select appropriate distribution channels for products."
📖 Grammar 3
View all →Purpose with to, in order to, so as to
to/in order to/so as to + infinitive
Express purpose or reason for an action using 'to', 'in order to', and 'so as to'
Purpose with so that
so that + subject + modal verb + verb
Express purpose using 'so that' followed by a clause with modal verbs
Negative Purpose
so as not to/in order not to + infinitive
Express negative purpose using 'so as not to' and 'in order not to'