🎯 Practice Session
Working Capital Management
Learn about working capital management, including inventories, debtors, cash flow, and the just-in-time manufacturing philosophy for efficient business operations
Intermediate
Unit 18
Vocabulary Only
1 / 48
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Vocabulary
settle
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thanh toán, giải quyết
Example: All invoices must be settled within 30 days.
Example: All invoices must be settled within 30 days.
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Vocabulary
conflicting
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mâu thuẫn, xung đột
Example: Conflicting interests must be balanced carefully.
Example: Conflicting interests must be balanced carefully.
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Vocabulary
profitability
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khả năng sinh lời; lợi nhuận
Example: Better working capital management improves overall profitability.
Example: Better working capital management improves overall profitability.
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Vocabulary
adequate
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đầy đủ, thỏa đáng
Example: Adequate cash reserves are needed for emergencies.
Example: Adequate cash reserves are needed for emergencies.
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Vocabulary
discount
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chiết khấu, giảm giá
Example: Suppliers offer discounts for early payment.
Example: Suppliers offer discounts for early payment.
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Vocabulary
installment
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phần trả góp; kỳ trả góp
Example: Customers can pay in monthly installments.
Example: Customers can pay in monthly installments.
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Vocabulary
balance
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sự cân bằng; cân bằng
Example: A balance must be achieved between stock levels and costs.
Example: A balance must be achieved between stock levels and costs.
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Vocabulary
generous
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hào phóng, rộng rãi
Example: Generous credit terms attract more customers.
Example: Generous credit terms attract more customers.
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Vocabulary
delay
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sự chậm trễ; làm chậm trễ
Example: Delays in receiving materials affect production schedules.
Example: Delays in receiving materials affect production schedules.
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Vocabulary
disruption
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sự gián đoạn, sự gây rối loạn
Example: Production disruption causes delays in delivery.
Example: Production disruption causes delays in delivery.
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Vocabulary
minimize
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giảm thiểu, thu nhỏ xuống mức tối thiểu
Example: Companies try to minimize inventory holding costs.
Example: Companies try to minimize inventory holding costs.
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Vocabulary
principal function
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chức năng chính, nhiệm vụ chủ yếu
Example: The principal function of finance is capital allocation.
Example: The principal function of finance is capital allocation.
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Vocabulary
finished goods
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thành phẩm, hàng hoàn chỉnh
Example: Finished goods are ready for delivery to customers.
Example: Finished goods are ready for delivery to customers.
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Vocabulary
just-in-time
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đúng lúc, kịp thời (phương pháp sản xuất)
Example: Just-in-time manufacturing reduces inventory costs.
Example: Just-in-time manufacturing reduces inventory costs.
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Vocabulary
reconcile
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hòa giải, dung hòa; điều hòa
Example: The just-in-time system reconciles cost and efficiency concerns.
Example: The just-in-time system reconciles cost and efficiency concerns.
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Vocabulary
temporary
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tạm thời, không cố định
Example: Temporary working capital covers seasonal fluctuations.
Example: Temporary working capital covers seasonal fluctuations.
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Vocabulary
fluctuation
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sự biến động, sự dao động
Example: Sales fluctuations affect working capital requirements.
Example: Sales fluctuations affect working capital requirements.
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Vocabulary
negotiate
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thương lượng, đàm phán
Example: Finance managers negotiate better payment terms with suppliers.
Example: Finance managers negotiate better payment terms with suppliers.
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Vocabulary
inventory
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hàng tồn kho, hàng dự trữ
Example: The company maintains a large inventory of raw materials.
Example: The company maintains a large inventory of raw materials.
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Vocabulary
efficiently
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một cách hiệu quả, có hiệu suất cao
Example: The factory operates efficiently with minimal waste.
Example: The factory operates efficiently with minimal waste.
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Vocabulary
permanent
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vĩnh viễn, cố định
Example: Permanent working capital is needed throughout the year.
Example: Permanent working capital is needed throughout the year.
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Vocabulary
cash flow
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dòng tiền, luồng tiền mặt
Example: Positive cash flow is essential for business survival.
Example: Positive cash flow is essential for business survival.
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Vocabulary
reserve
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dự trữ, dự phòng
Example: The company keeps cash reserves for unexpected expenses.
Example: The company keeps cash reserves for unexpected expenses.
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Vocabulary
stringently
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một cách nghiêm ngặt, chặt chẽ
Example: Inventory is controlled stringently to reduce costs.
Example: Inventory is controlled stringently to reduce costs.
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Vocabulary
working capital
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vốn lưu động được sử dụng cho hoạt động hàng ngày của doanh nghiệp
Example: The company needs sufficient working capital to meet daily expenses.
Example: The company needs sufficient working capital to meet daily expenses.
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Vocabulary
contingency
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tình huống bất ngờ, sự kiện dự phòng
Example: Contingency funds help deal with unexpected problems.
Example: Contingency funds help deal with unexpected problems.
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Vocabulary
margin
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tỷ suất lợi nhuận; biên độ
Example: Profit margins are declining due to competition.
Example: Profit margins are declining due to competition.
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Vocabulary
component
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thành phần, linh kiện
Example: Electronic components are delivered just in time.
Example: Electronic components are delivered just in time.
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Vocabulary
settlement
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sự thanh toán, sự giải quyết
Example: Early settlement earns a 5% discount.
Example: Early settlement earns a 5% discount.
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Vocabulary
handle
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xử lý, quản lý; vận chuyển
Example: Materials must be handled carefully to avoid damage.
Example: Materials must be handled carefully to avoid damage.
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Vocabulary
forecast
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dự báo, dự đoán
Example: Sales forecasting helps plan inventory levels.
Example: Sales forecasting helps plan inventory levels.
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Vocabulary
overdraft
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thấu chi ngân hàng; số dư âm tạm thời
Example: The company uses an overdraft facility for short-term needs.
Example: The company uses an overdraft facility for short-term needs.
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Vocabulary
supplier
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nhà cung cấp, người cung ứng
Example: The company works with reliable suppliers for quality materials.
Example: The company works with reliable suppliers for quality materials.
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Vocabulary
debtor
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con nợ; khách hàng còn nợ tiền
Example: The company has many debtors who have not paid yet.
Example: The company has many debtors who have not paid yet.
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Vocabulary
outlay
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chi phí, khoản tiền chi ra
Example: Capital outlay for new equipment is significant.
Example: Capital outlay for new equipment is significant.
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Vocabulary
credit terms
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điều kiện tín dụng, điều khoản thanh toán
Example: Suppliers offer favorable credit terms to large customers.
Example: Suppliers offer favorable credit terms to large customers.
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Vocabulary
cyclical
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theo chu kỳ, tuần hoàn
Example: Cyclical changes in the economy impact business operations.
Example: Cyclical changes in the economy impact business operations.
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Vocabulary
minimal
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tối thiểu, ít nhất
Example: The company offers minimal credit to reduce risk.
Example: The company offers minimal credit to reduce risk.
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Vocabulary
seasonal
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theo mùa, theo thời vụ
Example: Seasonal demand requires additional temporary capital.
Example: Seasonal demand requires additional temporary capital.
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Vocabulary
philosophy
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triết lý, quan điểm chỉ đạo
Example: The company's philosophy emphasizes customer satisfaction.
Example: The company's philosophy emphasizes customer satisfaction.
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Vocabulary
lease
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thuê, cho thuê; hợp đồng cho thuê
Example: The company decided to lease equipment instead of buying.
Example: The company decided to lease equipment instead of buying.
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Vocabulary
raw material
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nguyên liệu thô, nguyên vật liệu
Example: Raw materials are purchased from multiple suppliers.
Example: Raw materials are purchased from multiple suppliers.
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Vocabulary
anticipate
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dự đoán, lường trước
Example: Good planning helps anticipate future capital needs.
Example: Good planning helps anticipate future capital needs.
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Vocabulary
warehouse
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kho, nhà kho
Example: The warehouse stores finished products before distribution.
Example: The warehouse stores finished products before distribution.
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Vocabulary
stock
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hàng tồn kho; dự trữ, dự phòng
Example: The warehouse is stocked with essential components.
Example: The warehouse is stocked with essential components.
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Vocabulary
corresponding
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tương ứng, tương đương
Example: Sales increased with a corresponding rise in costs.
Example: Sales increased with a corresponding rise in costs.
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Vocabulary
work-in-progress
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bán thành phẩm, hàng đang sản xuất
Example: Work-in-progress represents items currently being manufactured.
Example: Work-in-progress represents items currently being manufactured.
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Vocabulary
lean manufacturing
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sản xuất tinh gọn (không lãng phí)
Example: Lean manufacturing eliminates waste and improves efficiency.
Example: Lean manufacturing eliminates waste and improves efficiency.
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